What are the key assumptions of andragogy?

What are the key assumptions of andragogy?

• A. Dependence on instructor-led instruction and external motivation.
• B. Self-direction, prior experience, readiness to learn, problem-centered orientation, and internal motivation.
• C. A preference for large-group lectures and passive listening.
• D. A focus on short-term memory and recall speed.

Answer: (B)

Adults learn best when they take control of their own learning and connect it to what they already know and do. The key assumptions include self-direction, meaning learners set goals, choose methods, and monitor their progress. They bring a wealth of prior experience that becomes a resource for new learning, so instruction should build on that experience rather than start from scratch. Readiness to learn hinges on whether the learning is needed to perform a task or meet a responsibility in real life or work. Their orientation to learning is problem-centered rather than content-centered, so they prefer learning that helps solve real-world problems. Finally, motivation tends to be internal—driven by personal growth, competence, and job satisfaction—more than external rewards. Options that emphasize dependence on an instructor, large-group lectures, passive listening, or a focus on short-term memory and recall don’t align with how adults learn, which is why they aren’t the best fit here.

Adults learn best when they take control of their own learning and connect it to what they already know and do. The key assumptions include self-direction, meaning learners set goals, choose methods, and monitor their progress. They bring a wealth of prior experience that becomes a resource for new learning, so instruction should build on that experience rather than start from scratch. Readiness to learn hinges on whether the learning is needed to perform a task or meet a responsibility in real life or work. Their orientation to learning is problem-centered rather than content-centered, so they prefer learning that helps solve real-world problems. Finally, motivation tends to be internal—driven by personal growth, competence, and job satisfaction—more than external rewards.

Options that emphasize dependence on an instructor, large-group lectures, passive listening, or a focus on short-term memory and recall don’t align with how adults learn, which is why they aren’t the best fit here.