Which concept describes learners managing their own learning goals and resources?

Which concept describes learners managing their own learning goals and resources?

• A. Self-directed learning
• B. Cooperative learning
• C. Open-ended questioning
• D. Principle of relevance

Answer: (A)

Self-directed learning is when learners take the initiative to diagnose their needs, set their own goals, identify the resources they’ll use, choose strategies, and assess their progress. It centers on the learner’s autonomy and responsibility for shaping and steering the learning process, from planning to reflection. This fits the idea of managing one’s own learning goals and resources because the learner actively makes decisions about what to learn, how to learn it, and when to verify understanding. Cooperative learning, by contrast, emphasizes working with others toward shared goals, not necessarily who controls the learning plan. Open-ended questioning is a technique used to promote inquiry, not a description of how learners govern their own study. The principle of relevance concerns ensuring material connects to learners’ needs, not the degree of learner control over goals and resources.

Self-directed learning is when learners take the initiative to diagnose their needs, set their own goals, identify the resources they’ll use, choose strategies, and assess their progress. It centers on the learner’s autonomy and responsibility for shaping and steering the learning process, from planning to reflection. This fits the idea of managing one’s own learning goals and resources because the learner actively makes decisions about what to learn, how to learn it, and when to verify understanding.

Cooperative learning, by contrast, emphasizes working with others toward shared goals, not necessarily who controls the learning plan. Open-ended questioning is a technique used to promote inquiry, not a description of how learners govern their own study. The principle of relevance concerns ensuring material connects to learners’ needs, not the degree of learner control over goals and resources.